echinoderm
Our editors will review what you’ve submitted and determine whether to revise the article.
- Smithsonian Ocean - Echinoderms
- University of Hawaii - Exploring Our Fluid Earth - Phylum Echinodermata
- National Center for Biotechnology Information - PubMed Central - Echinoderms Metabolites: Structure, Functions, and Biomedical Perspectives
- A-Z Animals - Echinoderm
- Marine Education Society of Australasia - Echinoderms
- The Canadian Encyclopedia - Echinodermata
- Animal Diversity Web - Echinodermata
- Key People:
- Alexander Agassiz
echinoderm, any of a variety of invertebrate marine animals belonging to the phylum Echinodermata, characterized by a hard, spiny covering or skin. Beginning with the dawn of the Cambrian Period (542 million to 488 million years ago), echinoderms have a rich fossil history and are well represented by many bizarre groups, most of which are now extinct. Living representatives include the classes Crinoidea (sea lilies and feather stars), Echinoidea (sea urchins), Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers), Asteroidea (starfishes, or sea stars), Ophiuroidea (basket stars and serpent stars, or brittle stars), and Concentricycloidea (sea daisies; discovered in the 1980s). Echinoderms have been recognized ...(100 of 8705 words)